The Parisian club has now secured the prestigious trophy on fourteen separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to get past Marseille in the Gulf and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the match between the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the net early on.
Yet, the southern French side struck two times in the closing moments to seize a surprise advantage. First, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital leveler in the dying moments to send the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 penalty victory.
The record winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the past thirteen seasons.